Intermediate #1, File Handling

#!c:/www/perl/bin/perl

$file = "D:/My Perls/data.txt";
open(INFILE, $file);
@lines = <INFILE>;
close(INFILE);

foreach(@lines){
print $_;
}

INFILE is the file handler, no quotes is to be added. It can be replaced with any arbitual names.

<INFILE>reads in the entire file in one go, if a scalar variable is used instead of the array, then only the next line would be read in.

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open(INFO, $file); # Open for input
open(INFO, ">$file"); # Open for output
open(INFO, ">>$file"); # Open for appending
open(INFO, "<$file"); # Also open for input     

*can add the - or die("error :".$!) for error handling 
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if the file is already opened for output,
we can print to the file with the print statement with an additional parameter : 

print INFO "END OF FILE\n"; 

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Standard Input and Output:  
open(INFO, '-'); # Open standard input
open(INFO, '>-'); # Open standard output